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拖延症、强迫症、恐高症、密集恐惧症、选择障碍症......
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现代人,谁没有这些“症”?你中枪了吗?
+ P$ p$ P& V% K# D# X. s这些不同的症,英语怎么说?Jenny, Adam告诉你! # ~( m9 Y% P! C& ]+ b3 Y& B
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拖延症 拖延症英语里不是“症” 2 ~9 J( a5 l6 ?( d+ j
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When it comes to learning English, a lot of people procrastinate, so you've already made a great start: 说到拖延症,很多人学英语就是这样。不过如果你已经在听节目、看推送,你已经迈出了重要的一步! If you want to step up your efforts, double down on your efforts, become an OpenLanguage member! 如果要更上一层楼、加倍努力,那,成为开言会员吧 8 `# k9 X7 ]# \2 h5 _% S
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It's not an actual disorder, not pathological: 在英语里,其实“拖延症”不算一种真正的“病症”, 不是病理上的
! l( Y" j2 x6 iBut if it is an actual disorder, you will often see the suffix: -phobia: 如果真的是一种病症,英语里会常用到这个后缀:-phobia(恐惧症)
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There are many different kinds of phobias, some are clinically diagnosed: 有很多恐惧症,有些是被临床确诊的
. X# K4 A4 h/ l( r# Y% gBut many are more of a state of mind, such as procrastination: 但也有很多“症”,其实是一种精神状态,比如“拖延症” ) [" Z, g# t H
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拖延症英语怎么说?
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* q& c, [: ?7 l2 e就是已经说过好多次的那个词: + @5 \3 S( s! Z( O& K3 K
- Procrastinate: 拖延
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毕竟拖延不是好事,所以procrastinate不会用在建议类的句子里;只会用在陈述或制止的句子里: ( u/ K- [$ k( L! Y2 R5 _
- Let's procrastinate on that. X
- Do not procrastinate any longer. √
- Stop procrastinating. √
- He always procrastinates. √" n) L% l# j0 Q0 r' i( N d/ c1 E7 [" p% y
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: n# a! z5 L4 m' V: Z一个拖延症的人,我们可以说: 4 n+ U; K. L- y0 q# c" \4 ]) v! P4 j
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- a; ^, P) ]6 o% T! r0 j3 y/ w- procrastinator: 拖延的人
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1 E5 S, ^) H- J0 P除了procrastinate, 拖延还有一个更口语的说法:
( j$ g$ J6 _8 B. p- s2 h, u1 C- Put something off
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例句:
4 k2 r6 ?$ y, T* l- I want to learn English, but I've been putting it off: 我想学英语,但是拖呀拖,拖了好久- m) W; I& X6 p* C; z1 j5 K
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选择障碍症 / G* U5 Y2 [8 o/ I/ h* @
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The Chinese word sounds fun: 这个中文说法还挺有意思的
; C, G3 i3 p! y$ gIn English, we'd call this: 英语里,可以说 $ f5 j# p6 _# z3 p9 B1 W. {0 |
- indecisive: 犹豫不决
- on the fence:意思同上,但是更口语、更有趣,因为fence是篱笆的意思,on the fence顾名思义就是坐在篱笆上,忽左忽右、不能决定
- waffling:这个词也比较口语,而且是特别地道的美语呢。这个词还有一个意思就是:waffle(华夫)* R( Q. K( l, w/ j# a1 {/ |
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1 h% S/ m2 y, \1 Y! ]“On the fence”更多用在一些比较重要的事情上,表达你的观点:
) Y& |; \' D. Y6 H8 f# ?: i7 q如果是点菜这种小事:
# E0 t o8 g3 L3 e- “I'm on the fence between the chicken and the fish", 这个说法很怪
- "I can't decide between the chicken and the fish”更好& F3 N8 q6 J& v+ a7 i! Z8 @- s4 {
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$ g ?+ _; O- k( u/ ]# a“Waffling”意为优柔寡断的
: W& z+ l% e& \5 [# l$ s$ tYou are waffling again:你又在优柔寡断了 * m/ R" M B& A7 s; _/ }
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2 {+ K3 z. ~. |) x. N! l9 v% f2 j, r各种恐惧症:phobia 接下来这一组恐惧症,都以-phobia结尾。Phobia的意思就是恐惧症。
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- acrophobia: 恐高症; `1 w6 O& e A# y3 y3 `
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除了I'm acrophobic, 你也可以说I am experiencing vertigo: 我很晕!
u* ?: M9 N% [0 b/ t# v; @Vertigo describes the dizzy feeling you get when you look down from high: vertigo就是从高处向下看,那种晕眩、紧张的感觉 : S0 a" c2 ^( J; U
I've met many foreigners who experience vertigo when they go to tall buildings in Shanghai: 我在上海遇过好多外国人,一上摩天高楼就晕 4 m4 @* u" F- \7 f0 L8 C
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- aerophobia: 飞行恐惧症
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It means you are afraid of taking the airplane: 就是不敢坐飞机 # `- [4 [1 l2 U
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Fear of flying: 怕坐飞机, 更口语的说法
2 I6 ~. x, [$ [* N- r6 [ n, bAirsick: 晕机 4 q* T( Q# d7 H$ ]8 f# C
Seasick: 晕船
) i$ }- y# P* ^$ v, GCarsick: 晕车
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6 |( l! a; K# T) r' f5 D- hydrophobia: 恐水症1 k5 ]) M0 J* u+ g! G/ V( ]5 z
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I'm slightly hydrophobic: 我稍微有点恐水症
t( m5 M. s0 s0 K& M+ MThe ocean makes me very nervous: 看到大海就恐慌 $ T% w; \3 G6 D
Hydro是希腊语水的意思,英语里很多跟水有关的词都包含这个前缀
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/ y4 [& M5 ^( l6 j2 I. {- claustrophobia: 密闭恐惧症
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The fear of small spaces or enclosed spaces: 对拥挤或者密闭空间的恐惧 A lot of foreigners say riding the bus or subway in China makes them claustrophobic because they're not used to such crowded spaces: 很多外国人在中国坐公车、坐地铁会觉得有点密闭恐惧症, 因为他们没接触过那么多的人
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8 l/ U) i3 y! I8 C# E: m- agoraphobia: 公共空间恐惧症
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It's fear of pubic spaces, not an enclosed space: 是对公共空间的恐惧,不是刚才那个密闭空间
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- xenophobia: 对外国事物、外国人的恐惧
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You hear this word a lot this year: 今年这个词用的特别多 Unfortunately, there seems to be a rise of xenophobia in many parts of the world: 世界上很多地方这种情绪都在上升 像Brexit (英国脱欧)、Trump要在美国边境造一座墙的言论,就常被解读成xenophobia的体现。 - f4 w7 r5 B y: ~# B* x( i6 ?$ R
2 v& K2 ~# P0 ?5 L" gPhobia, Phobic 如果要形容你有什么恐惧症,有两种表达方法:
/ w: i6 w2 f- X9 t7 u- I've got...phobia (名词)7 I7 e0 |0 R* B7 X+ E6 {; [ A
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也可以说
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- I am afraid of height.
- I am afraid of flying.
- I have a fear of sth.
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强迫症的Jenny居然忘了说“强迫症” 4 L* s! m1 n ^! E( T
Obsessive compulsive disorder: 强迫症! c" a* t3 s5 o1 }' E
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Trypophobia is an tense fear of clustered small holes and bumps: 密集恐惧症的意思 It gives you goosebumps all over your body: 让你浑身起鸡皮疙瘩》goose是鹅的意思,所以英语里说“鹅皮疙瘩”, 大家已经知道phobia形容恐惧症;Trypo则是拉丁语,意思是小洞洞
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4 f% C' A% r q; @; h% e尴尬症
2 F b4 r% ]4 e$ LAwkward:尴尬 (说的时候可以配上图男演员James McAvoy的表情) Socially awkward: 社交场合容易尴尬 可以说: 7 t. M; t* B- `# f: x
- I'm socially awkward:我有尴尬症
- Someone is socially awkward: 某人有尴尬症*社交场合
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6 F5 D, j }9 z: ?你有什么恐惧症?Do you have any kind of phobia? Are you OCD? Trypophobic? Are you a procrastinator? " |9 |. _! [( Z+ `& t
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9 p8 H; B& l; S2 l' {0 ~其它症也许身不由己 但是拖延症,绝对可以克服! Go & do it! 0 ]5 W1 [$ W: A! s6 X0 E8 S2 D
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克服你的拖延症,成为开言会员 我们帮你甩掉英语恐惧症!
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