"It's your call."说的不是打电话，而是做决定；- Q+ K4 K$ x* [
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"I need some company."跟公司没有半点关系，而是要人陪；8 T4 K. y+ q: S
"You're so mean."指某人很刻薄，但是"To do a mean job."则是夸一个人有能力。 1 Z, M# C' c; a7 }+ [, ^% F, ]3 U# W5 m4 x0 j, h3 L
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今天，我们就说说最常用的英语多义词！ 8 O+ F8 k s$ d8 S& _0 t . g/ ^7 ~+ x# {
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（18:15，多义词，来自开言英语OpenLanguage） # W4 |2 d; s* V& t0 q& G$ {! k4 a0 g, b H/ m1 L
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相同的词在不同的句子里，意思可能完全不一样！
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“多义词”顾名思义是一个词有多个意思，但在老外看来，每个不同的意思都是不同的词。这也算是文化差异吧。 $ ?: W5 [0 _& B( y7 v$ X" O( e& g' s+ f! W8 C
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Every language has words with many meanings: 每种语言都有自己的多义词
Today, we’re going to talk about English words with multiple meanings that seem entirelyunrelated to each other: 今天我们要说的这些英语多义词，它们的多个意思相差甚远
These words have a primary meaning that's well-known to all, but they also have one common lesser-known meaning: 这些词最主要的意思大家都知道，但它们另外至少还有一个你可能不知道的意思
Words with multiple meanings: 多义词 (比较常见的“多义词”在英语中的表达) : ~8 R( v# f: e) |; FMany native speakers think of it as two different words: 很多英语母语者会把多义词看成完全不同的词 ! L. o4 T8 G4 e3 w' bBut for many English learners, they are the same word since the spelling and the pronunciation are the same: 但对很多英语学习者来说，多义词的拼法一样，读音也一样，明明就是一个词啊) E+ c Q( O, ^4 L
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“Title”
刚打完的NBA总决赛、激战正酣的欧洲杯，都会用到"title"这个词。
Title最常见的三个意思：
1. name of a book, article and so forth: 书名、文章标题等8 }: Y; U8 g; Y$ w3 Z
2. description of a position, rank, status: 职称、头衔9 A8 c5 [4 _2 }, F
3. championship: 冠军1 ~1 l9 p0 r1 ^& Y3 z6 L
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9 [& e, w o( v3 l9 t* X9 `Job title: 工作职位、头衔 # w& U% Q0 Z5 K) eTitle of a book or article: 书名或文章的题目 n* }+ K1 B1 n7 v* i; l+ ?
In the context of sports, title means championship: 在体育相关的文本中，title指的是总冠军& n5 C$ o' H7 M, R1 C
You can think of championship as something like a job title: 你也可以把总冠军看作一个像工作职位一样的头衔 9 k/ i J) s# j; p1 j' ]A person can be the president of a company while a team can be the champion of a competition: 一个人可以是公司的老总；一个球队可以是比赛的冠军（两者都是头衔）* l; P3 |9 E1 y6 G
This year, Spain is defending their Euro Cup title: 今年西班牙是欧洲杯的卫冕球队 5 U: F' x |( L " j6 S# K4 b7 F $ e* E& D# A0 m/ ~
“Conference”
Conference: # U5 _* D* S* t# R
1. meeting: 会议、大会8 k& _4 t4 Z2 E$ J4 Y V6 a
2. an association of sports teams that play each other: 体育联合会、赛区，只有NBA和NHL(全美冰球联赛)等一些赛事才分conference4 R' j$ t5 V" i
You can also see a conference as a meeting of teams : 你可以把体育赛事中的conference看作是一场球队的集会. S+ W( I6 e& G' j- g( ~
Eastern and Western Conference: 东部赛区、西部赛区 / i8 ?8 m- s/ ~1 G% m% ~# ? }2 T; r1 g+ S3 X/ P
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说完体育，再说说口语中最容易造成误解的多义词！ N7 f/ \9 w) v7 I& i5 r1 T' N j' R( R8 K
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“Fine”
+ R" M& v/ d' O' K/ ^1 p: wFine有两个截然不同的意思:
1. good, great: 好、棒- X4 x. b" D7 A: H3 z
2. money one has to pay as punishment: 罚款、罚金 (亦可作动词，表示对...处以罚款) & {: t8 H7 O3 f3 r: V , J! ]2 s: g' G . e8 {! W0 Q6 k"Fine" is one of the very first English words that people learn: Fine算是大家最先学的英语词之一了, \- j# b+ U9 P3 e
One meaning of “fine” is “good”: “Fine”的一个意思就是“好、不错”* W0 Q1 d- E5 Z* O0 @3 x5 @
Right now, in Shanghai, there’re so many police on the street, stopping people on their motorcycles and scooters and giving them a fine: 现在上海路上警察不少，专拦那些违反交规的骑摩托车、骑电动车的人，然后开罚款, m& x2 }7 L& R9 p) _
I got fined today: 我今天被罚款了 0 e8 z6 S9 Q/ U: [, |! P, SSingaporeans often say that Singapore is a very “fine” country: 新加坡人喜欢说自己的国家是一个很“fine”的国家，一语双关，一来说国家好，二来表示这个国家各种罚款很多* U8 S/ B5 D" q1 o
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"Mean"
, S* P, L) p; g# m1 c, qMean的几个不同含义：
intent to convey or refer to: 意思 (动词)
unkind: 不友好的、刻薄的、凶凶的 (形容词）
excellent: 出色的，口语中使用，形容技术、技巧高超， (形容词） % z" X0 o' I) o+ Q( w" d3 U6 R
8 X+ s' A. l% P ( P3 L- n$ m; P9 r! A4 |The word “mean” used to confuse the hell out of me: Mean这个词以前我真是搞不清! C3 m0 h3 Q' S, c
What does the word "mean" mean?: 这个词什么意思？ ; E+ f6 V( L, @3 zMean Girls: 一部美国电影，讲的是一群很刻薄的高中女欺负其他同学 # g# V4 ]( `) [& fMy mom makes a mean Lasagna: 我妈做的千层面特别好吃3 c( L8 k0 ~& L; X! Q; [
He plays a mean guitar: 他吉他弹得特别棒 # c% N7 D& d! RWhen talking about a person’s skills, “mean” is a compliment that suggests he or she is high-skilled: 如果mean形容的是一个人的技巧、技能，那这个时候mean其实是说这个人做得特别好、特别棒 2 A+ b5 P( t3 k! uJenny records a mean podcast: Jenny的播客做的特别好1 H) w! B5 g: S3 s
When referring to skills, “mean” is good; when referring to personalities, “mean” is bad:讲一个人的技能、能力，用mean是褒义的；但用于形容人的性格时，mean就是个贬义词了& e* @- H8 X8 m/ r4 W
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"Neat"
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Neat的意思： ; j: Y* t* r* n: y' ~3 E1 d! y1. clean and tidy: 干净整洁2 j8 k- B, _2 z j) m
2. very good, cool: 极好的 % \1 G. h! I# x: o! P " e; C) \- p# U$ r+ x2 J3 }5 z: x* O; h0 a4 I
For a lot of you who have learned the word “neat”, you might know it means “clean and tidy”: 学过neat这个词的人都应该知道neat有干净整洁的意思6 s9 _/ {/ a! w- @& D M
But it also means "cool" in everyday spoken English: 在日常口语中，neat也有cool的意思，指特别好、特别酷 7 {; R) I ?- E5 y* h( Q$ `! k"That’s neat!": 好的，不错，真棒; J$ r- ~& C7 z
You can also replace “good” with “neat”: 也可以用neat来代替good 8 h( R# a7 `- _- ~ - B5 V4 R5 O3 k) T - j' i3 [( W/ I. V3 C
"Correct"
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: P" t# n! E! ~* ^/ ]7 pCorrect的不同含义:& s3 y( e! ^+ n! O+ x6 {' H
1. right: 正确的 （形容词）& U" E( V0 C; T. Z3 z2 P- e# @- C
2. put right; make right: 修正、纠正 （动词）, Y: ] W& F1 R# {
, W9 X) Q% Y" s3 ]6 ?' L : |/ C" j: x9 s2 X. N2 W* t4 p$ ~I often get confused when I see this word on the screen of a bank machine: 我每次在ATM屏幕上看到这个词都搞不清它的意思- f- E: g4 A# ?9 t8 q. r4 p
Does it mean "correct" as in there's no mistake? 是正确的意思？: h; S+ X& q3 m' _% V- S/ p. D- f
Or does it mean since you made a mistake, you need to correct it: 还是按错了，要纠正的意思？& u% E$ c1 [! b7 m" B! w
Have you figured it out?: 你最后搞清楚了吗？ & ?5 h3 `* {! A6 n9 u0 GI just use the Chinese. It’s much easier: 我就直接看中文，反而比看英语轻松: g1 m! Q8 }( S( R
＊根据语境来分辨多义词的意思是关键！ ' I9 X5 f$ @& M4 Y J% L比如截图中，写着“correct"和"cancel"这两个词，既然cancel的意思是取消，那correct在这里应该就是正确的意思。＊ # j' U6 m: }5 z$ a7 H. x" ^7 B @
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"Note"
note作为名词的主要两个意思： ; I( |( W- d" ~, X' M% g# ?1. a piece of paper with information written on it: 纸条" T8 r% e: b) V6 j4 q: [
2. banknote, paper money: 纸币, G) v" q7 \9 y3 r$ { o4 M
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1 ^9 F/ Y' s0 c; ~; eto write someone a note: 给某人写纸条、留便条3 b9 E2 o$ w$ x& F7 z" b- J6 u3 Z
Some students take notes in class while some pass notes to each other: 上课的时候，有些同学记笔记，有些同学互相传小纸条 ! {) d3 S5 O" x3 ~" A& [banknote: 纸币 0 O( N2 l K0 j/ t) \' m
coins and notes: 硬币和纸币 + c9 m8 Y w" b" I' N7 ]4 HIn monetary terms, notes refer to paper money: 讲货币的时候，notes指的就是纸币 : J, z' \4 Y; N9 u& _+ E" `This machine can only provide five-dollar notes: 本机只提供面值5美元的纸币- l1 _1 T- _) A }
＊说到纸币，note在英式英语里更常用；而美国人更习惯用bill这个词。也是多义词，除了账单，还有一个意思是纸币。如: five-dollar bills五元纸币" ( _9 \$ M8 v$ I% } 2 E& b; S. i3 Z/ T+ m * u' H% E* V5 O4 {2 W
"Company" : a; H' ^$ L: a, L3 m
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Company的主要两种意思：- t7 H% v* G: h& a3 U3 U
1. a firm or business: 公司 3 ^; d: C5 a7 L9 ^2. the state of being with someone: 他人的陪伴 ! \0 P+ D: }; K6 Q- ]) Y$ r0 V# H4 P+ z6 K, n. o+ V4 `% V, }
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I’m very lonely. I could use some company: 我好孤单，要有人陪陪我就好了 " ~6 H8 d6 Y$ S' GAdam, you are great company: Adam, 有你陪伴真好/跟你在一起真开心0 K! F5 t8 v0 p: b9 m5 L7 i8 Y
to keep somebody company: 陪某人! }4 _4 @& s6 b! U D( f
"You’re the company you keep": 近朱者赤，近墨者黑& H7 O C; b. r# N& E
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Party
0 J0 E" v5 V4 ^0 I# Y- pParty的意思: ( P( }- K* R$ U$ m" ]8 K& Z% N1. a social event: 派对 1 K- {, |' m- q2. a group of people: 一群人，一个团体 3 _' H2 {5 S$ V) L8 `& k/ R$ {1 V
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As you go into restaurant, the waiter/waitress might ask you “How many people in your party?”: 进餐厅的时候，服务员会问你“请问几位?”" u! v' H0 Q* s! }# p" }# X
The bride, bridegroom, groomsmen and bridesmaids are collectively known as the wedding party: 新郎新娘伴郎伴娘一行人统称wedding party ' _$ u$ D! M% Z# z, w$ e+ KThe party after the wedding is actually called the wedding reception: 婚礼后的宴会不叫wedding party，叫做wedding reception 1 D7 l: c3 `; L1 X . O7 z" y$ T+ ^ E 1 X. Y. J1 @2 B
"Call"
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Call的两个意思： @$ Y5 g( V- V; Z
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1. a telephone call or to make a telephone call: 电话、打电话# ], X5 g! V: T* n) @3 |* |# K
2. decision: 决定 2 R( U0 q/ Y5 e- h- b; |* j8 p 4 K& `( N/ t; A7 S7 @8 i/ u) G: X/ E3 U
You make the call／Your call: 你拿主意，由你决定8 o9 r* l6 I+ O. s
That’s a good call／Good call: 好主意！ f& @! }& Z3 d& n
That was a terrible call: 吹得太烂了 (在看足球、篮球赛的时候经常说), P, Q6 z6 }7 T5 g( \4 s
Where are we going for dinner tonight?: 今晚去哪吃? 9 j. v- _7 J- B$ sIt’s your call: 你来决定 5 G' _" Z9 E* g- R: }7 z$ j4 `+ g P
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今天节目就到这儿。欢迎大家留言，把你的问题、反馈告诉我们！ - Q% r* r8 ~; q* W3 E 3 s, j0 n6 i! Y) ^/ | - t/ P# f& s4 v7 g' O( W9 q! f4 ~8 |这些多义词的意思、如何使用，你搞清了吗？还有问题，来上周五直播课！8 E/ q$ Q# z O( L, a( X
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