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酒的说法实在太多了,除了最常见的葡萄酒(wine),今天的节目里还提到了以下这些酒的说法,先给大家列出来,具体的解释都在节目里:
alcohol: 酒、酒精
booze (informal): 酒 (口语)
liquor: 烈酒
spirit: 烈酒,中国白酒就叫Chinese spirit
hooch: 烈酒 (口语)
moonshine: 自家私酿酒 " R3 F7 a0 E3 U. G% s0 i# ?9 y
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Booze口语最常用& {9 L: `1 R* n6 p; l m9 ^
We've got plenty of booze at the party: 我们开派对会有很多酒
He boozes too much/He boozes a lot/He hits the booze pretty hard: 他非常爱喝
BYOB (Bring your own booze): 自带酒出席,在派对的邀请里会缩写成BYOB
Booze, like alcohol, is an all-encompassing term: Booze跟alcohol一样,包括各种酒$ ?- F: T- e' L! y9 {
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美国买酒,要到liquor store
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北美卖酒的店统称liquor store8 A9 k6 u. H. t7 J w/ g
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In some states, you have to go to the liquor store to get liquor; there’re some states thathave liquor in the grocery store: 在美国,有些州规定只有酒类专卖店才能出售酒。但有些州,超市里就有卖酒 . a& {# S, } F, i9 pThere’re also beer stores that only sell beer and wine, but no liquor: 也有些店叫beer store, 只卖啤酒和红酒,不卖烈酒# n7 F: F- B2 I0 T
. E) L! p/ i. D + n/ K# |7 S9 M vLiquor也能当动词: _# g+ Z' y# c2 w/ b
Liquorsomeone up: 灌醉一个人
He's all liquored up: 他喝多了/ p% o; r; U+ ]+ K
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如何用英语形容酒量?
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形容酒量,千万别说I'm good at drinking或者bad at drinking.
最常用的说法是I can drink或I can't drink,后面不用再另加名词“酒”。很简单吧!
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I don’t drink/I’m not a drinker: 我不喝酒、我酒量不好 4 L; x* I9 r0 S! g2 `
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I can drink/I can drink a lot: 我酒量很好 & M' r+ } w: d& N9 ?) Y - V& e$ X$ X% P+ l5 ]4 j
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酒精过敏、上脸: $ q# `) N' K9 N) d* s( B3 @
I’m allergic to alcohol: 我酒精过敏
I turn red and itchy if I drink: 我喝酒就会皮肤发红发痒* H- L- U* I4 v3 g, o! r
) {, |9 V4 w/ P7 b; u$ B 7 [+ C' L# {6 Q3 ?9 a) eI don’t really drink that much any more; I used to drink a bit more when I was younger: 我现在喝得少了,年轻的时候喝的比较多 3 V! O; s" _7 z7 DThe few times that I do drink now, I very quickly get headaches:我偶尔喝几次,但喝完都会头痛3 L% P/ @' @5 L5 e$ B# L
Maybe I’m drinking crap: 可能我喝的都是劣质的酒 2 p4 Y7 F3 |. m, yTo turn red when you drink: 喝酒上脸 9 v8 f5 h z! [) L- G. ]. h4 fWhen some people get drunk, their eyes and noses turn red: 有些人喝醉了眼睛鼻子会发红" b3 L. l% I, q
You don’t react to alcohol in the same way we do: 中国人和美国人对酒精的反应不同. {. ~; F0 q7 B7 d/ ?
You can spot an alcoholic from his red nose: 一个人是不是酒鬼看鼻子就知道啦 % x9 J; C5 j0 p2 f+ h2 g . X" {9 g3 v" |; ]1 Y + {! M& _, u4 J
Moonshine: 不是月光族,是自家酿的酒
9 N) Y% y, ?+ \7 K- \- d' v. m# g9 X在美国,什么都要DIY,从装修房子、组装家具、到酿酒。私酿酒也有个有趣的名字:moonshine。
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It's no longer illegal now: 现在不是犯法的% `6 L9 _5 t* i! w2 b
The government’s cool with it as long as the alcohol content is low: 只要你酿的酒度数不是太高,政府不会管 6 z B0 n" J- b; m2 t+ K Y4 RNow, you can still call home-made booze moonshine: 现在,自己家私酿的酒还是可以叫moonshine4 ^8 V7 ` R- L0 R+ N, q$ w
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创新小礼物: DIY葡萄酒套装
3 d' Z5 Q! n! E美国很多超市都有卖wine kit, 一个能让你自己在家酿葡萄酒的小套装。里面有葡萄汁、酵母等原料,还有器皿。
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You can buy wine kits in supermarkets and make your own wine at home: 超市里能买到葡萄酒DIY套装, 买回去自己酿
We used to have a neighbor who was from Italy: 我们家以前有个邻居是意大利人; g: l2 ]0 R+ h) W
They family grew grapes so they would make their own wine: 他们自己种葡萄,所以也自己酿葡萄酒 # t, d9 P) Y- B! PThey would do it outdoors by putting grapes in a barrel and stepping on them to mash the grapes: 他们会在室外,把葡萄放到一个大桶里,然后拿脚把葡萄踩烂5 m, P4 w3 r# t0 @+ u; ^2 C1 \
Finger-guessing game: 划拳& @, j4 } P( Q9 J* C! I8 f
We don't do that in America: 美国没有划拳 * Q- u7 ~2 W2 N" S9 M; y8 tSome Americans would do beer bong: 美国有种啤酒游戏,就是把酒灌倒一个漏斗状的容器中,然后一口气喝完- B0 }$ i' M% E- p% x+ L& _
9 Y* s4 T' U3 O. n/ I& J1 D! c3 Z/ u7 f2 o 一口闷怎么说?) ?/ f) a+ P2 |0 e
Down it/chug it/guzzle it: 一口闷1 ~1 t9 r: z# U O
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Prohibition: 美国禁酒令时期
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仔细说说前面提到的禁酒令(prohibition)。1920年1月2日,禁止酿造和发售酒类的《沃尔斯特法令》在美国生效,理由是酒是犯罪的根源。
禁酒令在美国持续了十多年。最后终于在一波又一波的抗议声中瓦解。
但这段独特的历史也给我们留下了一种特殊的酒吧文化——speakeasy,而且现在又再次复兴。 7 @ n% |. V$ O/ g
! S9 P0 ?2 \9 h2 j$ l; ]- JThe Prohibition in the States started around 1920 and ended in the early 30s after the Great Depression hit: 禁酒令在美国始于1920年,在经济大萧条来袭后于30年代早期结束 G" x3 ~7 D* R0 O% L
But people still drank; they just had these secret bars, known as speakeasies: 但老百姓还是照样喝酒,只不过要去地下黑酒吧 $ B. F6 d5 x2 M7 E2 L2 XItr's called speakeasy because you can't tell people about it: 这种酒吧叫speakeasy, 因为你不能声张出去,跟之前说的moonshine异曲同工 2 |' V3 Z6 Q0 t) a, H# ^# ^7 yMobsters made a ton of money out of this: 黑帮靠非法卖酒发了大财7 b0 @4 I, M3 O, z6 n+ X* Q3 i' `
Al Capone: 臭名昭著的美国黑帮头目,禁酒令时期的风云人物 $ ^5 S ]- C. f* a9 \ # W; O) ^: \7 w) N# h7 _9 c4 h! i0 ^- B- G1 B
从纽约到魔都,speakeasy非常红
Speakeasy酒吧这两年在全球又红了起来。
在上海也有很多。通常规模较小、装修复古。当然,一定要有复古精致的鸡尾酒。
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Many of the hottest bars in Shanghai are speakeasy-style bars: 现在上海最红的就是禁酒令风格酒吧
They have retro decor: 装修很复古4 Y5 |# G( h _8 H
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They serve Prohibition-era cocktails: 他们专做禁酒令时代的鸡尾酒
Craft cocktails: "功夫"鸡尾酒
Don't order Cosmopolitan or Pina Colada in a speakeasy: 在speakeasy, 千万别点大都会、 椰林飘香这种大众化的鸡尾酒 , n w- u: p3 l9 q9 l" G5 E( n' l; Q- b. l* L) `" w0 t# l
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Microbrewery: 精酿啤酒
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大家对品质、手艺的要求越来越高。除了speakeasy, 还反映在啤酒上。
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Microbrewery has become a global craze in recent years: 精酿啤酒这几年来风靡全球
To brew beer: 酿啤酒
To distill: 蒸馏
Mass market beer doesn't taste good: 大众化、大厂牌的啤酒味道不好 - r; F- Y; f8 p6 x) \/ I, ]Free-pour style cocktails: 不花心思随便调的鸡尾酒 , s! f: l! A8 ~! ]& F3 R$ jAll of that goes hand in hand with the foodie culture: 酒文化的复兴和吃货文化的崛起紧密相连 8 [2 u8 k0 N" j$ b' NMicrobrewery beers, craft cocktails and good food, who can blame them? 精酿啤酒、功夫鸡尾酒、美食,这些谁不爱?, s! a' {" d5 L3 P
If anything’s worth doing, it’s worth doing right: 既然做一件事就应该把它做好
"Consumption upgrade": 消费升级9 k- X$ x0 A3 t" p) k
Consumers have become much more sophisticated: 消费者更讲究、更有品位了 - }2 W$ n/ g0 }: Q5 }4 d$ r) k+ T ' w0 E: @! X- j" w% X : [' l% v- k% D4 B8 ]8 P) N
今天说了一下新的酒文化,大家喜欢吗?
你去过speakeasy吗?你爱喝什么鸡尾酒?快留言分享吧! + H, F9 B# J. l3 o$ ?$ z