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北美卖酒的店统称liquor store 7 ~; i+ c0 |! D6 ]$ L3 E. w; v8 f; K- T' L
In some states, you have to go to the liquor store to get liquor; there’re some states thathave liquor in the grocery store: 在美国，有些州规定只有酒类专卖店才能出售酒。但有些州，超市里就有卖酒' d6 h+ ?8 A+ V* t
There’re also beer stores that only sell beer and wine, but no liquor: 也有些店叫beer store, 只卖啤酒和红酒，不卖烈酒 ! H+ ^( P9 B' A3 Y, o; \) s; u/ N! n
+ k# a, D2 h& T! u( G6 yLiquor也能当动词： 9 [3 w5 X2 F- g
Liquorsomeone up: 灌醉一个人
He's all liquored up: 他喝多了 $ u( u' m4 d/ e! P H
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如何用英语形容酒量？
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形容酒量，千万别说I'm good at drinking或者bad at drinking.
最常用的说法是I can drink或I can't drink，后面不用再另加名词“酒”。很简单吧！
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I don’t drink／I’m not a drinker: 我不喝酒、我酒量不好 6 K% V4 H7 R7 {/ A3 e8 z : |; a. {' W3 S4 Y: O' S8 D
I can drink/I can drink a lot: 我酒量很好! M" g2 M0 J$ Q2 F) ^
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酒精过敏、上脸：; O8 ~8 G, ?2 K& D( `* \$ T" e
I’m allergic to alcohol: 我酒精过敏
I turn red and itchy if I drink: 我喝酒就会皮肤发红发痒1 r4 w% Z; _+ J
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+ _$ `1 x! K: N1 r! HI don’t really drink that much any more; I used to drink a bit more when I was younger: 我现在喝得少了，年轻的时候喝的比较多 8 c4 {2 g0 B7 F) iThe few times that I do drink now, I very quickly get headaches:我偶尔喝几次，但喝完都会头痛' p! Y" Q0 A- @9 [6 {8 |
Maybe I’m drinking crap: 可能我喝的都是劣质的酒* S5 e" e( A) S% V* a
To turn red when you drink: 喝酒上脸: J( N; D: b% J* P4 E
When some people get drunk, their eyes and noses turn red: 有些人喝醉了眼睛鼻子会发红6 E$ {. b6 ~: y
You don’t react to alcohol in the same way we do: 中国人和美国人对酒精的反应不同 $ \6 m2 _1 Y* M6 J }* r3 jYou can spot an alcoholic from his red nose: 一个人是不是酒鬼看鼻子就知道啦 0 |$ E$ j" K/ n. Z' v/ N( h6 ]- d7 y. G/ }
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Moonshine: 不是月光族，是自家酿的酒
, C2 }8 F( W$ v4 V c1 L* C在美国，什么都要DIY，从装修房子、组装家具、到酿酒。私酿酒也有个有趣的名字：moonshine。
3 `) ]6 ]3 u* a ] WIt's no longer illegal now: 现在不是犯法的 4 [0 S- I0 q/ T8 z! w9 rThe government’s cool with it as long as the alcohol content is low: 只要你酿的酒度数不是太高，政府不会管" a- \' T1 h! e0 v
Now, you can still call home-made booze moonshine: 现在，自己家私酿的酒还是可以叫moonshine 4 y. n" r7 |5 Q3 Z" ?8 v ; b- w& x1 D4 E" `/ B! X0 J2 B1 }& [; P. ~
创新小礼物: DIY葡萄酒套装
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美国很多超市都有卖wine kit, 一个能让你自己在家酿葡萄酒的小套装。里面有葡萄汁、酵母等原料，还有器皿。
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You can buy wine kits in supermarkets and make your own wine at home: 超市里能买到葡萄酒DIY套装, 买回去自己酿
We used to have a neighbor who was from Italy: 我们家以前有个邻居是意大利人5 M7 k6 R `$ H; l. v. t
They family grew grapes so they would make their own wine: 他们自己种葡萄，所以也自己酿葡萄酒 * a6 E9 K# |. i+ ?0 e: a0 }( TThey would do it outdoors by putting grapes in a barrel and stepping on them to mash the grapes: 他们会在室外，把葡萄放到一个大桶里，然后拿脚把葡萄踩烂. H9 ~5 A1 c8 q4 J
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Finger-guessing game: 划拳 9 F/ F5 b7 V' D6 hWe don't do that in America: 美国没有划拳/ q9 |9 j. c- [) Y j: B+ p( |
Some Americans would do beer bong: 美国有种啤酒游戏，就是把酒灌倒一个漏斗状的容器中，然后一口气喝完 $ k0 @, X4 J+ b) @' f+ Z/ T9 H4 @& V$ u, ~
& z/ y. B' h- x2 Z* x/ L. ~ 一口闷怎么说？5 \/ a" M q/ |3 b1 `4 s
Down it/chug it/guzzle it: 一口闷. X4 g" ]* G2 }/ Y, S2 E
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Prohibition: 美国禁酒令时期
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仔细说说前面提到的禁酒令(prohibition)。1920年1月2日，禁止酿造和发售酒类的《沃尔斯特法令》在美国生效，理由是酒是犯罪的根源。
禁酒令在美国持续了十多年。最后终于在一波又一波的抗议声中瓦解。
但这段独特的历史也给我们留下了一种特殊的酒吧文化——speakeasy，而且现在又再次复兴。 : N. m/ z z p7 P* @7 O5 A
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The Prohibition in the States started around 1920 and ended in the early 30s after the Great Depression hit: 禁酒令在美国始于1920年，在经济大萧条来袭后于30年代早期结束 . x% R6 u& ] Z2 Z* O" HBut people still drank; they just had these secret bars, known as speakeasies: 但老百姓还是照样喝酒，只不过要去地下黑酒吧6 P2 S/ j" k% ^0 v& y
Itr's called speakeasy because you can't tell people about it: 这种酒吧叫speakeasy, 因为你不能声张出去，跟之前说的moonshine异曲同工. A* m T. D; Y) [
Mobsters made a ton of money out of this: 黑帮靠非法卖酒发了大财+ u5 d+ o' t7 @4 c6 v& U$ N
Al Capone: 臭名昭著的美国黑帮头目，禁酒令时期的风云人物 h4 ^8 p+ ~8 ^+ B . ]* {, k1 `( \- r* u( _ 5 B- e5 L: c5 V' |+ V' y
从纽约到魔都，speakeasy非常红
Speakeasy酒吧这两年在全球又红了起来。
在上海也有很多。通常规模较小、装修复古。当然，一定要有复古精致的鸡尾酒。
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Many of the hottest bars in Shanghai are speakeasy-style bars: 现在上海最红的就是禁酒令风格酒吧
They have retro decor: 装修很复古 2 w9 v3 Z' d8 w; C . h- Y/ q! h4 m' O0 I
They serve Prohibition-era cocktails: 他们专做禁酒令时代的鸡尾酒
Craft cocktails: "功夫"鸡尾酒
Don't order Cosmopolitan or Pina Colada in a speakeasy: 在speakeasy, 千万别点大都会、 椰林飘香这种大众化的鸡尾酒 1 p1 N! ~8 s" o# N9 P# i. ? & D8 t- @" q% {1 Q + R: h% V! r) C0 i7 I8 x ; c! D5 h9 J3 j" E0 P" J& D1 v: \2 j$ z) G j, H; }3 q3 E3 ]
Microbrewery: 精酿啤酒
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大家对品质、手艺的要求越来越高。除了speakeasy, 还反映在啤酒上。
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Microbrewery has become a global craze in recent years: 精酿啤酒这几年来风靡全球
To brew beer: 酿啤酒
To distill: 蒸馏
Mass market beer doesn't taste good: 大众化、大厂牌的啤酒味道不好 # G& @" |$ ]+ \. P" [% e/ dFree-pour style cocktails: 不花心思随便调的鸡尾酒 ' H- g) x$ f) jAll of that goes hand in hand with the foodie culture: 酒文化的复兴和吃货文化的崛起紧密相连 ! l* G4 ]2 ?# s# s% Z: u9 ?Microbrewery beers, craft cocktails and good food, who can blame them? 精酿啤酒、功夫鸡尾酒、美食，这些谁不爱？, E+ X) d+ E5 _3 ~% [
If anything’s worth doing, it’s worth doing right: 既然做一件事就应该把它做好
"Consumption upgrade": 消费升级/ ?; L. D) w0 F7 F+ D
Consumers have become much more sophisticated: 消费者更讲究、更有品位了$ v" R/ n; s) W& V1 d$ i
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